Energy Basics , Database

Energy and its present use- Rural areas are experiencing a steady increase in energy demand. In terms of energy consumption, India ranks fourth in the world. In the current economy, domestic cooking and lighting, agriculture, transportation, and industry are the primary energy users. There is a mix of all available energy resources in India's energy basket, including renewable energy sources. In terms of energy sources, coal is the most prevalent, followed by petroleum and biomass. Approximately 55.3 percent of rural homes did not use electricity as their primary source of lighting, according to 2011 Census data. In terms of energy, the country faces two key challenges: access to energy, with nearly one-fourth of the population without access to electricity, and energy security, with a significant portion of the country's energy coming from imports, particularly crude oil. Urban and rural disparities, as well as disparities between men and women in energy use patterns, are also concerning.

Ethanol as a fuel- ethanol has received much attention due to its potential environmental and economic advantages over fossil fuels compared to other fuels when used as a fuel for internal combustion engines.

• As old as the internal combustion engine, ethanol has been used as a fuel for automobiles. During Nikolas A Otto's early engine studies in 1897, ethanol was investigated as a fuel for automobiles. This fuel has been used in Brazil since the 1920s.
• The concentration of ethanol in a petrol can range from 5% to 100%. It is possible to reduce pollution and petroleum consumption by blending anhydrous ethanol with petrol in varying quantities.
• A significant amount of contamination occurs in groundwater and soil due to methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), a chemical used as an oxygenate additive for standard petrol. Additionally, biodiesel can be produced from ethanol and can power fuel cells.
• In addition to providing exceptional engine performance, ethanol provides high octane for lower emissions.

Forms of Energy- It is possible to obtain energy in many different forms. In addition to light, heat, mechanical, gravitational, electrical, sound, chemical, nuclear, or atomic energy, there are a variety of other types of energy as well. It is possible to convert or change each form into another.

• A moving object or mass has kinetic energy. Energy such as mechanical power and electrical power are examples.
• Putting potential energy to use means storing it for use at a later time. Energy sources such as nuclear power, chemical power, etc., are examples.

Hydrogen Energy- Clean fuels such as hydrogen are available. Various applications can be carried out with this energy carrier. As a potential substitute for liquid and fossil fuels, it has the following physical properties. As a diatomic gas, hydrogen is non-toxic, nonmetallic, tasteless, odorless, colorless, and highly combustible at standard temperatures and pressures

• A physical system's energy is its ability to perform work. In addition to heat, kinetic and mechanical energy, light, potential energy, electrical energy, or other forms of energy, energy exists in many forms. Having energy means being able to do work. A renewable energy source may be classified as a renewable energy source or as a non-renewable energy source.

Database

Master Plan for Artificial Recharge to Groundwater in India- Due to groundwater's replenishable nature, we have taken it for granted that it will always be available. Because surface water resources are limited, groundwater has been forced to fill the void. For agriculture, industry, and domestic use, groundwater development has increased manifolds.

• Whenever groundwater is reported as available or replenished annually, for management purposes, it is expressed in relation to its availability. In many developed countries, safe yields and sustainable yields are generally used to describe sustainable groundwater development. Every three years, India evaluates its replenishable groundwater resources and categorizes areas based on the safe yield of groundwater extraction.
• As a result of the population explosion, water stress is being felt across the country. Groundwater has increased exponentially in many parts of the country, exceeding the natural recharge, necessitating both the federal and state governments to take up water conservation measures.

National Energy Conservation Day- Every year on December 14, we celebrate National Energy Conservation Day. It is spearheaded every year by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), which is under the Ministry of Power.

World Biofuel Day- In celebration of World Biofuel Day, which takes place every year on August 10th, the government emphasizes the various efforts it makes to promote non-fossil fuels as a credible alternative to conventional fossil fuels.

• During the year 1893, Sir Rudolf Diesel conducted research experiments with peanut oil that are also commemorated on this day. In the next century, vegetable oil will replace fossil fuels as the fuel for different mechanical engines, according to his research experiment.
• It has been observed every year since 2015 by the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas.